It is natural for people to be afraid of the dark. In-fact, some are so afraid of the dark that they refuse to sleep without a light on. Some (especially young children) believe that the boogie-man hides in the dark. The fear of darkness is rooted within our general fear of what is unknown.
It has recently been found that the brains of social-conservatives tend to have a larger fear center (amygdala) than their liberal counterparts. It is also no mystery that conservatives tend to be religious and liberals tend to be secular and not all that religious. Also the portion of the brain that is responsible for optimism and courage (anterior cingulate) tends to be smaller in conservatives. I don't want to get too far into this study, if you are interested in reading about it, a link to the source can be found at the bottom of this blog post.
Anyways, back on point...
Naturally, the unknown is a scary thing. Virtually all people have a intense fear of the dark during their lives at some point. This shows that fear of the unknown (or of the dark in this case) is innate within most humans (at least until it is overcome). People often project their worst fears onto the darkness of uncertainty, thinking up pessimistically deluded fantasies and believing (subconsciously or consciously) that their worst possible fears are the only possible outcome. There are two ways in which a person can react towards a perceived danger: (1) fight, or (2) flight. In other words, the unknown can either be confronted or ran away from.
It perhaps is easy to see who is doing the running here, but perhaps I should spell it out. It seems to be that atheists in general want real answers to the big questions, and accept that humans have much to learn. This is why atheists accept the truth behind biological evolution, how could anyone not? If certain information destroys the only thing protecting the ego from a deep seeded fear of the unknown, it must be avoided at all costs, no matter how intellectually dishonest. While believers look avoid the reality of human ignorance by pretending they have a "friend" that knows everything, using an unknown to explain an unknown is running away from the problem. A fear of the unknown will always exist within believers because they refuse to face it. The unknown should not be a source of fear, but a source of inspiration and excitement. I believe it is important for people to give up on running away from the unknown with gods and other superstitions—not only because I believe that understanding the universe can be a great source of inspiration—but because running away from a fear will cause that fear to chase a person to the grave.
Another typically innate fear is the fear of heights, but some people find no greater joy in life than to jump out of a plane with a parachute. Let's say, for the sake of example, I have the answers for all of the big questions (how the universe came to be, the meaning of life, what happens after death, etc.). This information is somehow guaranteed to be 100% accurate and beyond any doubt. To make it simpler, I have put the answers to these questions on sheets of paper, and put those papers inside a box.
All people knew without any doubt that these answers were correct (including both believers and nonbelievers). Let's say I was to go to a group of fundamentalist believers (Christians, Muslims, Jewish, etc.... it doesn't really matter). These believers, know, without any doubt, that the answers are 100% correct. In their minds, however, there is a possibility that the answer in the box would confirm that there is a god (and perhaps even the right god). How many of those believers would actually look inside the box? If you are a believer reading this, would you want to know the true answers to the big questions? Say what you will, but I do not think that very many believers would want anything to do with that box. On the flip-side however, virtually all nonbelievers would be curious as hell (no pun intended) as to what answers lie within the box.
Is such an example unfair? A straw-man? I don't think so. From seeing the reactions of believers when faced with the fact of evolution, I feel I am not being unfair at all.
I will admit, stereotyping
all believers as being afraid of the unknown, and
all atheists as being curious about the unknown may not be entirely accurate for
everyone (some atheists may not want to look inside the box, and some believers may want to). I do believe that as a whole, the stereotype that I have painted is reflective of a psychological truth. That truth is that some are afraid of the unknown, and some are inspired by it. It seems to be that nonbelievers use science to explore the unknown, and believers use God as a way of avoiding it.
Here are a few quick things I want to touch on....
Both scientists and priests see opportunity in human ignorance. Priests are able to take the fear of the unknown that exists within many individuals, and turn it into power (Catholic Church for example). Scientists do a similar thing, but instead of exploiting fear, they exploit curiosity, and the result is much more productive and awe inspiring (technology, space exploration, study of our evolutionary past, and so on).
Another place that this phenomenon can be seen is in the media. For example, Fox "News" has been using fear tactics, not because they are evil, but because they are preaching to their conservative/religious choir. Fox "News" has an audience (in general) of terrified people -- clinging to guns and God -- so of course Fox is going to suck such people in because such a narrative speaks to their audiences' view of the world.
link to study here!